Case Study Social Structure - 1157 Words

Primary Groups Primary groups are those that are formed by a bond of like psychology, genetics, or phase of life. The members of a primary group are usually intimately familiar with each other, and form close bonds that often result in an altruistic approach to supporting, and if necessary defending the group. Usually, the group’s cohesiveness is based on time spent together sharing a culture, fostering kindred feelings in one another, trust and deep sympathy. As a father and husband, my family is the most obvious primary group in my life. My wife and I share time, shelter, trust and a loving relationship with each other. We know each other’s secrets, fears and doubts, no matter how embarrassing or painful. We also share our victories, conquests and successes with support and pride, no matter how big or small they might seem. We watch our toddler son grow more into a boy, and inevitably a man, every day. We share in each stumble, giggle and tear, and help him to help himself in every way that we can possibly think of. We couldn’t imagine living any other way. The thought of ever having to be separated is inconceivable, and we revel in every moment we have together. As a defense contractor, I am also a part of a more novel group of men that share a common interest in doing whatever it is that we must do in order to support the warfighter, and our country. We willingly put ourselves in harm’s way in order to bring our expertise and consistency to the combat zone, inShow MoreRelatedThe Gentrification Theory: Ruth Glass Essay1350 Words   |  6 PagesDescription. Since Ruth Glass first coined the term back in 1964, in order to explain the forced displacement of low-income groups from the inner city areas (Lees et.al, 2008), gentrification has been one of the most popular theories discussed among social and urban specialists. The initial hypothesis states that gentrification is a process lead by middle to high-income people, generally represented under the tags of young families with managerial jobs, real estate investment firms, or the rise of theRead MoreRelationship Between Social Institutions And Economic Growth By Comparing Countries From East Asia And Latin America1072 Words   |  5 PagesBirdsall and Jaspersen, 1997; Todaro and Smith2003). There is a lack of research in the effect of social institutions on economic performance in these two regions. The main proposition of this research is an analytical focus on the relationship between social institutions and economic growth by comparing countries from East Asia and Latin America. The reason for comparing East Asia to Latin America’s social institutions is since the East Asian economic development experience is relevant for developingRead MoreSociology: Are People Just Puppets? Essay922 Words   |  4 Pagesthe social system or does it control us? Society is said to mould individuals, but to what extent? Questions no one can properly answer, although different sociologists have different perspectives. We could argue `Yes, we are puppets of society or `No, we have free will and can make our own decisions Although the most preferred theory is that `We are influenced by society but our fate is not determined by it. All three argue whether we are puppets of society or not? (Social structure -Education) Read MoreTheories Of Crime : Robbery1514 Words   |  7 Pagesbe discovered. Therefore, understanding the patterns and motivations of crimes can be helpful towards preventing their occurrence. This paper focuses on robbery as a type of crime. The two theories that are applied to robbery, in this case, are strain theory and social disorganization theory. Robbery usually involves unlawful taking of property from an organization or an individual through use of force or threat of force. There may also be the use of a weapon in robbery. According to strain theoryRead MoreAshford Mgt 330 Entire Course (Management for Organizations)1371 Words   |  6 Pageshttp://homework-aid.com/ASHFORD-MGT-330-Entire-Course-Management-for-Organizations-944.htm?categoryId=-1 MGT 330 Week 1 DQ 1 Surf Shop Comparison MGT 330 Week 1 DQ 2 Company Evaluation MGT 330 Week 2 Case Study Starbucks’ Structure MGT 330 Week 2 DQ1 Structure for Conglomerates MGT 330 Week 2 DQ2 Classifying Structure MGT 330 Week 3 DQ 1 Legal Aspects of Staffing MGT 330 Week 3 DQ 2 Bias in Performance Appraisal MGT 330 Week 4 DQ 1 Theories of Motivation MGT 330 Week 4 DQ 2 Productivity Management MGTRead MoreIntroduction:. â€Å"All The World’S A Stage† – Shakespeare1583 Words   |  7 Pagesvarious views on social skills and the development of â€Å"soft skills† (Heckman Kautz, 2012), there is a constant inflow of people and situations within which social norms require us to present different versions of ourselves – what in this paper we shall call â€Å"masks† or â€Å"personas.† This paper will provide examples from old plays and stories in order to keep it more contemporary – even use pop culture as a reference, so as to create a deeper and more comprehensive understanding of how social personas andRead More The Role of the Lesion Method in the Understanding of Healthy Brain Functions1578 Words   |  7 Pagesinconsistent behaviours and the profound difficulties when performing certain tasks with Galen being the first to underpin the complexities that underlie brain-behaviour relationships (in Banich, 2004). One of the most compelling and well-known documented cases of severe brain injury and personality disorders comes from Phineas Gage (1848 in Passer, Smith, Holt, Bremner, Sutherland, Vliek, 2009). Gage was a road rail construction foreman who had experienced an iron metal rod passing right through to hisRead MoreEssay on Social Polarisation1496 Words   |  6 Pages Polarisation is a term that usually refers to ‘extreme of two extreme situations’. In this context, social polarisation is examined in detail. Social polarisation is an expression associated with the segregation within a society that may emerge from income inequality, real-estate fluctuations, economic displacements etc. and result in such differentiation that would consist of various social groups, from high-income to low-income (Moulaert, F. et al. (2003)). This essay will outline the two contrastingRead MoreJournal Article Evaluation And Critique1625 Words   |  7 PagesElizabeth A. et al. (2014). â€Å"Good Girls†: Gender, Social Class, and Slut Discourse on Campus. Social Psychology Quarterly, 77(100), 100-122. Doi: 10.1177/0190272514521220. The issue that the authors address is trying to find an explanation and understanding of why women actively participate in slut shaming. 2. The theory that was tested was whether women participate in slut stigma in order to maintain their different status in regards to social standing. The main concepts of this was that womenRead MoreAnomie Theory1630 Words   |  7 Pages(pathological) social phenomenon (Cartwright, 2011). It describes a lack of social norms, lawlessness and normlessness (Cartwright, 2013). In detail, it is a breakdown of social bonds between an individual and the community. This theory was first coined by Emile Durkheim, a French sociologist in his book Suicide published in 1897 (Cartwright, 2013). Later on, Robert Merton, the President of American Sociological Association, developed the link between anomie and social structure. Unlike Durkheim

Conclusion To Financial Statement Free Essays

Conclusion This Project has been very useful to me because I learned how to prepare cash flow statements and ratio analysis. This has improved my knowledge on financial statements which is very useful in business and commerce ever day. The work I did in this project has helped me to understand the techniques, applications and usefulness of financial statements to understand the performance of a particular company or enterprise without much difficulty and also understand how to prepare them in future. We will write a custom essay sample on Conclusion To Financial Statement or any similar topic only for you Order Now I came to the following conclusion while preparing this project. Purposes of Financial Analysis Judging The Earning Capacity On the basis of the financial analysis, the earning capacity of the business concern may be computed. In addition to this, the future earning capacity of the concern may also be forecasted. All the external users of accounts, specially the investors and potential investors are interested in this. Judging The Managerial Efficiency The financial statement analysis helps to pinpoint the areas where in the managers have shown better efficiency and the areas of inefficiency. For example, using financial ratios, it is possible to analyze relative proportion of production, administrative and marketing expenses. Any favorable or unfavorable variations can be identified and reasons thereof can be ascertained to pinpoint managerial efficiency and deficiency Judging The Short-term Long-term Efficiency Of The Enterprise On the basis of financial analysis, long-term as well as short-term solvency of the concern may be judged. Creditors or suppliers are interested to know the short-term solvency/liquidity of the concern i.e. ability to meet short-term liabilities. Debenture holders and lenders judge the ability of the company to pay the principal amount and interest on the basis of financial analysis Inter-Firm Comparison Inter-firm comparison becomes easy with the help of financial analysis. It  helps in assessing own performance as well as that of others, if merges and acquisitions are to be considered. Making Forecasts Preparing Budgets Past financial statement analysis helps a great deal in assessing developments in the future, especially the next year. For example, given a certain investment, it may be possible to forecast the next year’s profit on the basis of earning capacity shown in the past. Analysis thus helps in preparing the budgets. Understandable Financial analysis helps the users of the financial statements to understand the complicated matter in simplified manner. Different date can be made more attractive by charts and diagrams which can be easily understood Uses of Financial Statement Security Analysis It is a process by which the investor comes to know whether the firm is fulfilling hi expectation with regard to payment of dividend, capital appreciation and security of money. Such analysis is done by a security analyst who is interested in cash-generating ability, dividend payout policy and the behavior of share prices Credit Analysis Such analysis is useful when a firm offers credit to a new customer or a dealer. The manager of the firm would like to know whether to extend credit to them or not. Such analysis is also useful for a bank before granting loan to the public. Debt Analysis Such analysis is done by the firm to know the borrowing capacity of a prospective borrower. Dividend Decision Financial analysis helps the firm in deciding about the rate of dividend. Management would have to decide about how much portion of earnings to distribute and how much to retain. Such decisions indicate the profitability of the firm and hence to some extent affect the behavior of share prices General Business Analysis Financial analysis can be used to identify the profit drivers and business  risks in order to assess the profit potential of the firm. It helps in the future growth scenarios of the firm Limitations Of Financial Statement Historical Analysis Financial statement analysis is a historical analysis. It analysis what has happened till date. It does not reflect the future. Person like shareholders, investors, etc are more interested in knowing the likely position in the future. Ignore Price Level Changes Price level changes and purchasing power of money are inversely related. A change in the price level makes analysis of financial statements of different accounting years invalid because accounting records ignore change in the value of money Qualitative Aspects Ignored Since the financial statements are confined to the monetary matters alone, the qualitative aspects like the quality of management, quality of labor force, public relations are ignored while carrying out the analysis of financial statement Not Free From Bias In many situations, the accountant has to make a choice out of alternative available, e.g. choice in the method of inventory valuation or choice in the method of depreciation. Since the subjectively is inherent in personal judgment, the financial statements are, therefore, not free from bias Variation In Account Practices For inter-firm comparison, it is necessary that accounting practices followed by the firms don’t vary significantly. As there may be variations in  accounting practices followed by different firms, a meaningful comparison of their financial statements is not possible How to cite Conclusion To Financial Statement, Papers

Role of HR in Change Management

Question: Identify and assess the process of planning and managing change within an organisation. What role should HR play in change management? Answer: What Role Should HR Play in Change Management? The competition within the business environment has increased to such an extent that it drives the organizations to be creative and innovative in their approach which in turn drives them towards implementing change (Armenakis et al., 1993). This is important because change is the only constant thing and an organization while conducting its operations is likely to get affected by various external forces which can be depicted with the help of the following figure: [Source: www.changeboard.com] However while implementing change; the organization might various challenges out of which resistance to change on the part of the employees is looked upon as one of the most important factors (Burke et al., 2008). The main reasons on the part of the employees to resist change can be depicted with the help of following figure: [Source: www.changeboard.com] So this demands that the Human Resource Management should play an important role in managing the people so that changes can be implemented in an effective and efficient manner. The HR department within the organization is involved in recruiting, training, developing and monitoring the performance of the employees i.e. takes into consideration the various aspects that are related to the employees together with their level of motivation and job satisfaction and thus it can be said that it tend to play a major role in change management (Farndale Paauwe, 2010). So in this context the HR department strives to provide various resources that facilitate an organization to identify the processes which are essential in managing change and this reveals the fact that HR department involves in formulating strategies in order to ensure that the members of the organization readily and successfully adapts the change (Murray et al., 2008). Thus the role of HR as a change agent can be illustrated wit h the help of the following table: [Source: www.managemetnstudy.com] [Source: www.managemetnstudy.com] Thus it can be inferred that facilitating an organization with the tight kind of motivated employees is the responsibility on the part of the HR department and thus they strive towards recruiting the candidates who possess the ability to think out of the box can thus come up with fresh perspectives (Han et al., 2006). On the other hand it is also the responsibility of the Hr department to encourage and mentor the employees recruited in such a manner that they can act as future change agents. Again HR department also focuses upon organizing various training and development programs in order to equip the employees with the necessary skills which would facilitate them to adapt the change and remove their fears regarding the change. Again this can be illustrated with the help of the example of Royal Philips Electronics which has experienced various changes from both the internal and external forces. In the external context, it can be said that business environment is changing at a rapid pace and also has to deal with high price of raw materials due to inflation. Moreover in the year the company faced an internal change when Frans Van Houten was appointed was the CEO in place of Gerard Kleisterlee who was the former CEO. The newly appointed CEO announced various change areas like they have to operate faster and also announced that the management of the company is centralized. These responses reveal that the new CEO is looking forward towards minimizing the costs, motivating the employees to work with their full potential and enhance the organizational agility. Thus there was a shift in the culture of the organization and the values created were as follows Taking ownership Teamwork Eager to win Thus if the above changes is taken into consideration it can be said all these can changes within the organization can be successfully implemented only if the employees are motivated and are ready to accept the change. So in this regard, the HR department of the origination should strive towards establishing an effective communication with the employees in order to communicate the various aspects of change focusing mainly upon the benefits of change (Kotter, 1995). This would facilitate in reducing the uncertainty on the part of the employees and provide them a clear idea regarding what is expected from them. So it would facilitate in accelerating the process of the change implementation. So analyzing the incidence in the concerned organization it was observed that the company focused upon the above mentioned aspects and motivated HR department to play the major role in the change implementation and this facilitated the organization to occupy the position in the market it is experien cing at present. Thus HR change management competency model can de illustrated with the help of the following figure: [Source: www.amo.uvt.com] References Armenakis, A. A., Harris, S. G., Mossholder, K. W. (1993). Creating Readiness for Organizational Change. Human relations: studies towards the integration of the social sciences, 46 (6), 681. Burke, W. W., Lake, D. G. Paine, J. W. (Eds.) (2008) Organization change: a comprehensive reader. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Farndale, E. Paauwe, J. (2010) Context-bound configurations of corporate HR functions in multinational corporations. Human Resource Management, 49 (1), 45-66. Han, J., Chou, P., Chao, M., Wright, P. M. (2006). The HR Competencies HR effectiveness link: a study in Taiwanese high-tech companies. Human Resource Management, 45 (3), 391-406. Kotter, J.P. (1995). Leading change: Why transformation efforts fail. Harvard Business Review, March-April, 59-67. Murray, J., Markides, C., Galavan, R. (Eds.) (2008). HR Dreams: Where Human Resource Management is Headed to Deliver Value. Oxford: Oxford University Press

Pepsi commercial made

Table of Contents What goes on in the Ad? What is the purpose? How does it persuade? What does it naturalize? What does it ignore? Rewriting Works Cited When the television was invented no one knew how it was going to change the way people live. No one considered how it can radically alter the way information is shared by many people all over the world. But it has to be pointed that the television was not an overnight success.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Pepsi commercial made specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It took years of creating meaningful and exciting shows before the world began to tune in. However, someone has to pay the bill and just like newspapers and magazines the logical way to finance soap operas and news broadcast is through advertising. Television advertising grew in leaps and bounds because tad agencies together with their creative talent mastered the art and science of communication and learned how to utilize concepts like ideology, myth-making, representation and language. The proponent of this study will take a closer look at a recent Pepsi commercial made popular by the fact that it was shown in the 2011 Super Bowl – an event watched by millions of people in America. The ad was sponsored by Pepsi and the product advertised was Pepsi Max. What goes on in the Ad? It is normal for husband and wife disagree on an issue. If the disagreement is not resolved then conflict will ensue. In the Pepsi Max ad, the wife does not want her husband to indulge in great tasting but high-calorie content food. The food items that the husband loved to eat includes French fries, pie and burger. Every time the husband attempts to eat these food items he gets a beating from his wife. In the first scene the mere fact that he was thinking of ordering French fries made him cringe from a quick kick from underneath the table. His wife was on the other side of the table. In the second scene the husband was about to indulge in a pie and his wife came from behind to give his head a quick push into the center of the pie.Advertising Looking for essay on advertising? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More And in the third scene the husband hid in the bathtub to eat a burger but his wife was there to grab the burger and replaced it with a bar of soap. But in the final scene he chose to drink a Pepsi Max and this was met with approval. However, his roving eye was not part of the appreciation package and so his wife threw a Pepsi Max at him. What is the purpose? The Pepsi ad wanted to show the struggle of husband and wife who are attempting to maintain a healthy lifestyle. This was broken down into different sets of â€Å"myths† such as the idea that husbands cannot control themselves. This is not true for all husbands but the ad forced this concept into the audience and has to be accepted as truth. The second myth is the idea that wives are always in control. This is not true because there are thousands of overweight women in America and most of them became obese because of the lack of self-control. The purpose of the ad is not to persuade every type of viewer. The focus of the ad is on husbands and men in general. This message was designed for men and created an experience of shared emotions and struggles. The message that it tries to convey is that Pepsi Max sympathizes with struggling husbands and men who had to keep up with a partner that forces them to watch what they eat. When this objective was achieved the alternative was given – Pepsi Max. The drink has zero calories but does not compromise on taste. How does it persuade? The ad created the perception that husbands and men in relationship need not to suffer all the time when it comes to watching their weight and being mindful of what they eat. There is a way to indulge without getting fat. This can be achieved by drinking Pep si Max. Everything that they love is forbidden but there is one thing that cannot be taken away from them and it is their beverage of choice enhanced by Pepsi Max.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Pepsi commercial made specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The ad offers an alternative. A path to happiness that men are more than willing to take. The ad succeeded in creating desperation within their target market. Forcing them to acknowledge the â€Å"truth† that there is no way out. It is like having a man drowning in the ocean and the moment that someone throws a lifesaver at him, he will automatically grab it thinking that there is no other way (Hall, p.30). This seems to be the effect of the commercial. Everything that was once considered great tasting and wonderful is off-limits. But Pepsi Max is still legal. What does it naturalize? The ad naturalizes the myth that man does not have self-control by showing that things that he loves to eat. The message is that man will do everything based on instinct without thinking about the consequences. He needed help from someone who knows self-control. The naturalization process involves food items that men can easily relate (Fiske, p.21). French fries is everyone’s favorite. A pie is something that is instantly recognizable on screen. A burger is also another favorite food among American men. The myth concerning the disciplined wife is naturalized by depicting a loving partner. The wife may be mean when it comes to her strategy of forcing a husband to adhere to a strict diet but everything was done with a smile on her face. She is not angry or controlling she is merely demonstrating her love for her husband. What does it ignore? The ad ignores the fact that there is no need to drink Pepsi Max. If the husband is indeed trying to lose weight then there are healthier alternatives. There is no need find an alternative to soft drinks that cont ain an inordinate amount of sugar. But the ad totally ignores that fact, and proceeds to persuade the target audience that happiness in a relationship can be achieved if husband and wife finds common ground. When it comes to monitoring calorie intake one of the suggested strategies was to drink Pepsi Max.Advertising Looking for essay on advertising? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Rewriting Instead of using a husband and wife team the new ad will cast a family. Instead of using people that have an athletic build it would be better to use slightly overweight couples and slightly obese children in the re-imagined ad. This goes to show the real struggle. This helps explains why there is a need to lower the calorie intake of the family. In the original Pepsi Max ad, the producers used characters that obviously has no weight problem. This creates confusion in the minds of the audinece as to the real purpose of drinking a zero calorie drink. As a result the actions of the wife was interpreted as being mean. Those who are overweight will come to realize that the husband is not undisciplined but to the contrary his ideal weight is a product of exercise and self-control. It is possible that the audience will turn against the wife because they would want the husband to be rewarded for what he has done. Thus, there is nothing wrong in eating great tasting food once in a while. In the final scene a jogger took a break from a vigorous run and sat on a bench next to where the husband and wife was seen drinking Pepsi Max. The husband’s self-control issue resurfaced and he was caught looking appreciatively at the gorgeous girl. This provoked the wife to throw a can of Pepsi Max at her husband but he was able to duck on time and so the poor girl was hit on the head and she knocked down. It would be better if the jogger was not alone but a part of the group that tried so hard to lose weight. The camera should focus on a group of joggers panting and sweating because of their need to lose weight. So when the Pepsi Max was thrown at the woman the product did not become an object of scorn but a message in itself. In the original ad the audience is left with a bitter aftertaste after seeing the innocent girl sprawled on the floor (Snyder, p.1). But if this was re-written the audience will get the idea that exercising is not necessary as long as they le arn to drink Pepsi Max. Works Cited Fiske, John. Television Culture. New York: Taylor Francis Group, 2010. Hall, Stuart. Representation. CA: Sage Publications, 1997. Snyder, Steven. â€Å"Pepsi Max, Love Hurts.† Time. Feb. 2011. 12 May 2011.http://content.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,2046668_2046614_2046591,00.html. This essay on Pepsi commercial made was written and submitted by user Michaela Reeves to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

The Obama Administrations Animal Protection Record

The Obama Administrations Animal Protection Record Expectations were high during President Barack Obama’s election campaign, and for good reason. Obama and VP Joe Biden both had great records on animal protection issues heading into the election, and won the endorsement of the Humane Society Legislative Fund. Also before the election, Obama participated in Jana Kohls book against puppy mills, A Rare Breed of Love, and promised to adopt a rescue dog. One pre-election disappointment was Obamas statement that a hunter should head the Department of the Interior. Despite pleas from animal advocates, Obama appointed a hunter, Senator Ken Salazar, as Secretary of the Interior. However, Obama also appointed Tom Vilsack, recommended by the Humane Society Legisative Fund, as Secretary of Agriculture. Fast-forward to the present, and Obamas actions since taking office have been a mixed bag: January, 2009: Obama Suspends Delisting of Grey WolvesOn his first day in office, Obama put a freeze on a number of federal regulations adopted by the Bush administration in its final days, including the delisting of grey wolves under the Endangered Species Act. This gave the wolves a temporary reprieve, and gave animal advocates hope.March, 2009: Grey Wolves in Northern Rockies DelistedJust weeks after giving hope to animal advocates, the Obama administration delisted wolves under the Endangered Species Act. Secretary of the Interior Ken Salazar, a hunter and rancher himself, cleared the way for individual states to begin killing wolves in order to protect animal agribusiness interests.March, 2009: Slaughter of Downed Cows Banned in the USSecretary of Agriculture Tom Vilsack banned the slaughter of downer cows - cows who are too sick, weak or injured to stand on their own. The decision was applauded by animal advocates across the country.April, 2009: Obama Breaks Promise to Rescue a DogThis was the most disappointing move, probably because it was so unexpected. By getting a dog from a breeder, Obama broke his promise to animal advocates and reinforced the misconception that people cannot get their dog of choice from a shelter or rescue group. The Obamas decision will lead to puppy mills churning out Portuguese water dogs, and one breeder of PWDs described the sudden demand for the breed as general mayhem. April, 2009: Scientific Requirements of Endangered Species Act RestoredSecretary of Commerce Gary Locke and Secretary of the Interior Ken Salazar announced a revocation of the Bush administrations weakening of the Endangered Species Act. With this move, the Obama administration brought back the ESAs longstanding scientific requirements and fulfilled Obamas promise to reverse the Bush administrations change.May, 2009: Polar Bears Wont be Protected from Global Warming Ken Salazar, Obamas Secretary of the Interior, failed to overturn a Bush-era rule that weakens the Endangered Species Act and jeopardizes the survival of polar bears.June, 2009: Michelle Obama is Fur-Free More of a personal stance than a political one, but like the decision to accept a dog from a breeder, the first couples actions are highly influential.June, 2009: Obama to Nominate Sam D. Hamilton, a Hunter, as Head of USFWS Obama announces his intention to place an avid hunter in charge of our nations National Wildlife Refuges. June, 2009: Obama Swats, Kills Fly Obama swats and kills a fly on camera, during an interview with CNBC.July, 2009: Animal Protection Views Hold Up Nomination of Cass Sunstein Although the nomination has been stalled, Obama deserves credit for appointing an animal advocate in his administration.November, 2009: Critical Habitat for Polar Bears Proposed The Obama administration proposes the designation of over 200,000 square miles of Alaskan land, water and ice as critical polar bear habitat. While the designation would be a good first step, the proposal still allows oil and gas drilling and does nothing to address climate change.November, 2009: BLM Removes Thousands of Wild Horses to Make Room for Millions of Cattle The Obama administration continues a long-standing policy of removing wild horses while allowing cattle to graze on public lands.November, 2009: Obama Pardons Turkey Obama continues a 20-year tradition of pardoning a turkey for Thanksgiving, but adds his own comments. Continued on Page 2 Questions or comments? Discuss in the Forum

6 To-Do List Styles to Get Your Life in Order

6 To-Do List Styles to Get Your Life in Order Do you find the idea of making a to-do list strangely daunting? If you’re one of those people who don’t naturally tend to the to-do list, you might need a little help or inspiration to get you started. Here are some of the best templates, options, and styles for you to try.The Old School ListGo the simple route and simply handwrite your list. If you get a random thought and aren’t near your computer, just jot it down! You can always add it to a more high-tech list later on. You might find this method less distracting when you’re in a working groove. If you have a hard time conceptualizing how to organize your list, there are tons of printable templates in .doc or PDF. Just print ‘em out and fill ‘em in!Bullet JournalingEverybody’s talking about Bullet journaling. Read up on this new technique, described as â€Å"a customizable and forgiving organization system†- an all-in-one â€Å"to-do list, sketchbook, notebook, and diary.â₠¬  It helps you keep your lists manageable in size and keep items from overwhelming you while making sure more of them actually get done. So go to the website and see whether or not the Kool-Aid is right for you!Breaking It DownSet yourself one big goal for the day, then break it into actionable chunks. The smaller tasks will feel more manageable than the larger goal, and you’ll find you chip away at them quickly. Once you build momentum, you’ll be surprised at how fast you knock out your ultimate goal and consider that day a success.Use Your CloudUse the cloud calendar function already on your laptop or your phone. They’ll merge effortlessly together so you can update from either device and have your to-do list with you at all times. And it can help you visualize how much time you have for each segment of your day. Try out the Google â€Å"Goals† feature along with this method for your long-term wish list of goals.Prioritize Your TasksCheck out Wunderli st, Todosit, or iDoneThis, or the thousands of apps like them, to sort your to-dos by priority level. You’ll also earn reward â€Å"points† for every task completed, which is just fun enough to make you feel really good about yourself. If you want a version with fewer bells and whistles, try Template.net which sorts your tasks into columns like â€Å"to do, to get, to call,† etc. Or TidyForms, which lets you schedule out two full days instead of one.Do It For CupcakesNo, honestly, that’s the name of the template. Design Eat Repeat created an adorable weekly organizing template called DO IT FOR THE CUPCAKES that lets you identify six goals per day. If you finish all your tasks in that week, you get cupcakes! Well, you’re strongly encouraged to get them.

The Importance of Africa as a Civilization and People Essay

The Importance of Africa as a Civilization and People - Essay Example The essay "The Importance of Africa as a Civilization and People" focuses on the topic of African culture while throwing more light on the influences of other religions and culture on this ancient land. Very few are aware that the forerunner of the Homo sapiens that inhibit planet earth was believed to have lived here. One of the first known clues to this question of where man originated came from fossils found in the Afar depression in Ethiopia in the early 1970's. More importantly, the continent has been inundated with many alien cultures starting from the Muslim influence to the colonization in the latter part of the nineteenth century. But in spite of this swarm of cultures, the continent has been able to maintain its ancient individuality. There may be many reasons for this situation. It could be that the land is inhospitable in many places. The climate may be too harsh for alien cultures with tropical rain forests to deserts that are found here in abundance. The culture or aggr essiveness of some of the tribes found in the land may have prevented the dilution of such cultures. It could also be that the African way of thinking that has been a subject of study by many historians and anthropologists may have had an influence in keeping the ancient ways of life, vibrant in some places and diluted in others. In all probability, it could have been a mix of all the above factors that have been instrumental in helping the people of that continent to maintain their individuality. But what this paper attempts to prove is that the so called African system of thought has to a large extent been responsible for the preservation of culture and civilization even if it is in a diluted form. Hence it is proposed that one of the reasons for the retention of African civilization by way of culture, beliefs, and practices is rooted in the ancient African system of thought that is still alive today. Essay Summary Prehistoric Africa: â€Å"Of all the earth’s continents, Africa provides the longest, deepest record of the human past. Several million years ago in Africa, a group of primates diverged from the rest of the apes and set forth on a distinctive evolutionary pathway involving bipedal or upright walking.† (Matrin and O’Meara 1995). The land is often referred to the cradle of humanity. Evolution of civilization was slow until the practice of herding and agriculture began to take root about 8,000 years ago. Distinct ways of life that can be described as proper civilizations began to evolve rapidly after that. Egyptian influence in Africa: Even though this advanced ancient civilization was situated in the continent of Africa, many scholars believed that African and Egyptian cultures were distinct from each other. It was thought that Egypt only used the rest of Africa as a source of slaves and other raw materials. But this erroneous line of thinking was seen by later historians and anthropologists only as a way to maintain European supremacy in the continent. â€Å"In reaction, African and African American scholars, mostly in the latter twentieth century, adopted an opposite paradigm: that ancient Egypt was not only an African civilization, populated by "black" Africans, but also a civilization that imparted its culture to the rest of Africa as well as Europe.† (O’Connor and Reid 2003). Muslim influence: One of the biggest influences on African civilization was that of Islam. It is estimated that one out of every three Africans believes in this faith. The faith first spread into many parts of this continent during the second half of the 7th century. But the influence and faith is still strong in the continent even today. Colonialism and post-colonialism: European colonists had established a

The Matrix and philosophical issues Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Matrix and philosophical issues - Essay Example At the heart of The Matrix is that of skepticism, of concerns regarding the very nature of reality, and of whether we know anything to be real at all. Just a few minutes after the movie opens, Neo says, â€Å"you ever have that feeling where you're not sure if you're awake or still dreaming?† (A. Wachowski and L. Wachowski) like a foretelling of things to come. The Matrix plays out an old philosophical tale of a brain in a vat: A disembodied brain is floating in a vat, inside a scientist's laboratory. The scientist has arranged that the brain will be stimulated with the same sort of inputs that a normal embodied brain receives. To do this, the brain is connected to a giant computer simulation of a world. The simulation determines which inputs the brain receives. When the brain produces outputs, these are fed back into the simulation. The internal state of the brain is just like that of a normal brain, despite the fact that it lacks a body. From the brain's point of view, thing s seem very much as they seem to you and me. (Chalmers 135) The Matrix stars Keanu Reeves as Neo, a program writer by day, and a hacker by night. By hacking he thinks he is exercising his individuality, his free will. When asked if he believes in fate, Neo answers, â€Å"No†¦ Because I don't like the idea that I'm not in control of my life† (A. Wachowski and L. ... A prison for your mind† (A. Wachowski and L. Wachowski). As a viewer of this movie, one is left with a nagging feeling, â€Å"was Morpheus talking to me, too?† Am I also a slave? Am I in a prison in my own mind? Science, through direct observation of phenomena, gives us a way of knowing reality. Through scientific testing we know that everything we know about life, humanity and civilizations almost always have a material basis. In fact scientists have found that emotions, which mainly reside in the subjective and the invisible, are nothing more than the byproduct of hormones released into our system. And yet, thanks to science, we also know that there are some things we are unable to explain. For example, what causes water to flow up, against gravity, from a tree trunk to the leaves? What forces the heart to beat? How does a woman’s body know how to respond when she is about to give birth? The kind of reality that science gives us is objective reality – one that can be directly perceived by our five senses, which are then interpreted by the brain. Looking at the tale of the brain in a vat, we know that we can be so easily deluded into thinking that what we think is real. In fact, there is scientific evidence showing that there is no such thing as a normal brain and that we â€Å"are some momentary fluctuation in a field of matter and energy out in space than a person †¦[our] memories and the world [we] think [we] see around [us] are illusions† (Overbye). And yet despite these, we still have the capacity to question our own existence, and it is here were the gift lies. Rene Descartes said, â€Å"I realized that it was necessary†¦to demolish everything completely and start again right from the foundations if I wanted to establish

The argument from religious experience for the existence of God Essay Example for Free

The argument from religious experience for the existence of God Essay Examine the argument from religious experience for the existence of God. To what extent does it support the probability of God? Richard Swinburne summarises religious experience for many by saying, experience of God or some other supernatural thing. Others would state that it is simply an experience of something beyond themselves. On the other hand, William Jamess focus is on the individual, taking the route of a psychologist to determine the validity of an experience. However it is defined, the topic of religious experience has been under scrutiny for centuries, with records of experiences dating back to before Christ; for example the burning bush in the Bible. However the evidence in place from those times appears to be on the same level as it is today. So are religious experiences real, and do they support the idea of God? The two main types of religious experience are special revelation and general revelation. Special being when people think/feel that God has made Himself known to them directly, perhaps through visions, dreams, prayer, miraculous healing, conversion or charismatic phenomena. General revelation is where people think/feel that God is revealing Himself indirectly to them. This is normally through the beauty of nature, although it could also be through things like religious writings and moreover in other people. This is basically seeing God through Gods creations, such as you can see the wonder of an artist through his fine artwork. Reports of religious experiences have tended to exhibit similar characteristics. For example many who have undergone near death experiences claim to have seen their lives flashing before their eyes before seeing a bright white light. In fact these scenes are so common; they have become the stereotype for film depictions of near death experiences. Many would argue that if so many people have experienced comparable sightings, then is there some truth to be found in this? Psychologists may argue that since one or two have announced this, others may have simply conjured a similar image from their brain as they believe that that is what the experience should appear as. There are four classifications of religious experience, which were formulated by William James in 1902. The first of these is Ineffability; which is a state of experience that is difficult to describe as it is unlike any other. The second being Noetic Quality; which is said to be where the experience reveals insights that are beyond the scope of normal human reason. The third classification is Transciency. This is said to not last very long, and are vaguely remembered. The final classification is Passivity, which is described as the person having a profound sense of being taken over. Also, whilst undergoing the experience they are said to lose control to a more powerful being, namely God. This experience can also be described as being beyond human control. When he formulated these classifications, James was trying to create a classic description of religious experience, and identified the four key features that they tended to have. However, there are faults with each classification. The fault with ineffability is that if an experience is ineffable, then it is hard to examine because you wouldnt know what you were examining. The problem with the second classification is if it is Noetic then any truth gained from the experience cannot be subjected to reason, as you cant verify it (apart from by other people who have had one). Thirdly, if an experience is transcient then it cannot be tested. With the forth classification, James has jumped to an assumption, because even if passivity may indicate the presence of another being it does not have to be God. As just explained religious experiences tend to be out of the ordinary as people describe being in the presence of an awesome power. Religious experiences more often have positive feedback, encouraging people to better themselves as theyve had an awakening past the realms of our material world. Being a very individual and personal experience which seems to be somewhat unique for everyone, it is difficult for the individual to explain the experience. This leads to difficulties in checking the validity of the experience. With these ideas in mind we can now discuss the argument that religious experiences can be used as evidence for the existence of God. This topic has been debated for centuries, gathering attention from many philosophers whose views I will be using to support both sides of this argument. Supporters of this argument include Brian Davies and Richard Swinburne. Davies approaches this argument very open mindedly, with the view that the claim might be correct, so it is at least possible. Swinburnes approach is very much more one sided, should accept unless one has some reason to question. Like the majority of ethical theories, there are more objectors than supporters. Some of these being C.R. Davies and, from a different perspective, Feuerbach, Freud and Marx. C.R. Davies says that people who claim to have had a religious experience may be unreliable, and on the basis that they may be either lying or were hallucinating due to drugs or alcohol. Freud believes that supposed religious experiences are just wishful thinking brought about by personal beliefs, normally as a way to deal with fears or desires. Feuerbach and Marx also take a psychological approach. My personal opinion, tends to side with Feuerbach when he says, It fails to make a distinction between feeling that I am right and actually being right. There is most probably a psychological explanation for what the person has experienced, and as there is no conclusive evidence that the experience did in fact happen, one should not make blind leaps into falsities. The argument from religious experience has been criticised on many grounds, such as that the proof it is based on (religious experiences) is not actually valid evidence. One of the top issues is that there so many different religious around the world, each of which claims to have religious experiences of their particular deity. The fact that the being revealed is almost always the God of the believed faith seems to be stigmata. However, a response to this is that yes, even if the God that is revealing itself to them is claimed to be a different one through the different religions, it doesnt make the experience less real to the person. Examples of this are Buddhas enlightenment, Saul on the road to Damascus and Guru Nanalis experience of God. Another criticism that people have is that religious experiences are too vague; they are experiences from which inferences are made and assumptions that it was God. In turn, this raises questions about the source of the experience. The response to this is simply then what kind of experiences can we trust? This links us back to transciency, experiences do not last long and are imperfectly remembered, which is a problem when it comes to validating experiences; leading us to believe that we cannot trust any experiences, as we have no way of testing them empirically. Furthermore, psychologists have raised questions by examining the mental explanations to experiencing revelations, etc. The human mind is so powerful that it is possible that one could simply conjure a vision or revelation, and with the knowledge about the human mind increasing all the time, this view is becoming more popular with scientists. Freud shares this view as he feels that religious experiences are illusions associated with repressed sexual memories and interest in religion is a psychological obsession. Whereas Feuerbach feels that people invent religion as a crutch as they are dissatisfied with their actual lives. He also influenced Marx, who had the view that religion is used by the capitalist class to control people and maintain the status quo. He also believes that religious experiences are a persons conscious or unconscious choice that reflects the persons needs or desires. After studying both the strengths and weaknesses of this argument, I have come to the conclusion that religious experiences fail to convince me. As previously stated, they are unable to produce empirical evidence, some are vague, even in classification, and they are unreliable to be tested as they oppose all the rules of nature. The fact that there are more weaknesses than strengths means we cannot reliably validate religious experiences, and therefore they cannot be given as solid valid evidence for the existence of God. Bibliography: * Dialogue Articles * Class Notes * http://www.religion-online.org * http://www.reference.com * http://www.radicalacademy.com

ALI :: essays research papers

American boxer, one of the greatest fighters in the history of the sport. Colorful, talented, and sometimes controversial, Ali entertained fans and intimidated opponents. His boxing style involved graceful footwork and powerful jabs. He also became famous for bragging about himself. For example, he once described his skills by saying that he could "float like a butterfly, sting like a bee," In 1978 Ali became the first boxer to win the world heavyweight championship title three different times. Ali was born in Louisville, Kentucky. His original name was Cassius Marcellus Clay, Jr. He began boxing at the age of 12, after his bicycle was stolen and a police officer suggested that the young Clay should learn how to box. By age 18 Clay had amassed a record of 108 wins and 8 losses in amateur competition. This included six Kentucky Golden Gloves titles, the 1959 International Golden Gloves heavyweight title, and a gold medal as the light heavyweight champion at the 1960 Olympic Games in Rome, Italy. After returning from the Olympics, Clay turned professional. He fought his first professional bout on October 29, 1960, and defeated Tunney Hunsaker. As Clay continued to win over the next few years, he became more vocal about his successes, and he was given the nicknames "Louisville Lip" and "Mighty Mouth." By 1964 Clay had recorded 19 professional wins and had earned a chance to challenge heavyweight champion Sonny Liston. At 22 years of age, he was considered a serious underdog. Nonetheless, he predicted that he would knock out Liston in the eighth round. Clay needed even less time to make good on his claim. His jab-and-dance technique tired Liston, who failed to come out of his corner at the start of the seventh round. Clay was crowned the new world heavyweight champion and proclaimed himself "The Greatest." In 1964 Clay converted to Islam, joined the Nation of Islam (see Black Muslims), and assumed the name Muhammad Ali. In 1965 he defended his title in a rematch against Liston. The bout lasted only 2 minutes 12 seconds. During the first round Ali caught Liston with a hard blow, so quick that it was dubbed the "phantom punch" because few fans saw it.

A Zipped World

The modern world is filled with conveniences that people do not completely appreciate. There are numerous practical inventions, products of exceptional ingenuity and intelligence which do not receive enough acknowledgements from the public. People usually take these items for granted and fail to recognize their contribution in making life a little easier. An example of these scientifically engineered devices is the zipper. Everyone encounters this simple item in their daily environment, but people often unconsciously neglect its existence. A prototype of the zipper was first introduced during the 1800s by a man named Elias Howe. Back then, the zipper gained little acceptance and minimal commercial value. But throughout the years, this useful locking device was given more attention and finally became a staple garment fastener during the 1930s (Bellis, 2008, paragraph 2). This shows that people have long ignored the potential of the zipper in greatly impacting clothing, shoe, and other industries. Zippers are used in fastening trousers, jackets, boots, and luggage as they can open with considerable speed and efficiency, relative to the traditional buttons. Zippers are most associated with jeans as denim companies have adopted this device in their clothing and have gained much popularity with it (Bellis, 2008, paragraph 8). In this independent world, self reliance is highly needed. This is one of the primary considerations that manufacturing companies take in developing their merchandise. The zipper allows children to dress themselves up with ease. Handicapped individuals also benefit from zippers as they require minimal effort in clasping and opening (Bellis, 2008, paragraph 7). The zipper has revolutionized human clothing and has answered much of customer demands. It is regularly seen in individuals, disguising themselves in simplicity. But its development is far from simple, and people must never underestimate how greatly the zipper has improved the world.

Good News Final Question Essay

A young man named Saul stood by and watched as a crowd stoned Stephen.   He went on to be a major persecutor of Christians for a number of years.   One day he was on his way to Damascus, he was blinded by a light and God spoke to him.   He was converted to Christianity and changed his name to Paul.   He made up for his persecution of Christians by telling the â€Å"good news† all over the region. What is the good news?   The good news is that Jesus is the son of God.   He was sent to earth to save the people from their sins.   Those who accept him as their savior will have eternal life in Heaven.   He knew it was true, because God himself told him it was in the blinding light.   The difference it should make in the lives of people in modern society means people should live according to the words God has provided for people to live by.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Paul spent years trying to save people from their sin once he’d learned the truth.   He was taught about God and Jesus.   He taught many to accept the gift of eternal life through the acceptance of Jesus.   Then he wrote many books of the Bible to teach people how to live their lives.   He wrote basic instructions for Christians to follow to be an example for God.   God sent his son to earth for the sole purpose of saving his creation (man) from their sins. He would not choose for anyone to be lost, but he provides humans the opportunity to make the choice for themselves. The life people live on earth is short, for most only about eighty years then there are two possible places to go.   The best choice obviously is the one without eternal torture.   When a person goes to Heaven it will feel like home (familiar, comfortable) (Alcorn, 1999)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Paul learned about God through God himself.   God spoke to Paul through the light on the road.   He then blinded him and gave him specific instructions on what to do.   Paul realized he had been wrong and needed to follow the instructions, because he did this he was not only healed of the blindness, but he received the gift of eternal life. He had no reason to doubt this and neither should those he taught or those still being taught.   Paul taught of God’s love for his people and his forgiveness. He also taught people to continue sharing the good news.   An additional reason to believe the news is true is the hundreds of promises from the Bible, many of which have already been fulfilled and although people fail to keep their promises, God does not (LaHaye and Jenkins, 2003) In order to convince others the news is true, though, his people need to change the way they live in order to set an example.   Just as Saul changed his name to Paul and turned from persecuting Christians to converting people to Christianity, his followers need to live by the words of the Bible.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   How should Christians change the way they live their lives?   It usually does not have to be as great of change as the one Paul made, but it does need to show a change of heart.   God created people to have free will, the ability to make their own choices.   From the moment people are born, they have choices.   They can cry or sleep wet or eat, etc.   As they get older the choices are more difficult.   If they are lucky enough to be raised with religious parents, they are taught the news of Jesus and Heaven from an early age.   Others have to hear it along the way, and like Saul may have several years of making rather bad choices first.   However once the news has been heard and the person has accepted the gift of eternal life, a change must be made. God still expects mistakes since no one is perfect, but an attempt to live as he wants is how Christians teach others.   The first step in this change is to strive to be like Christ being righteous, loving others and overcoming the world (Wiersbe, 1996).   It is popular to wear jewelry that says WWJD, which stands for What would Jesus do?   This is a very important message if people want to live their lives according to God’s word and to teach the good news to others.   When a person stops long enough to consciously ask themselves what Jesus would do in a situation, they would be less tempted to make the wrong choice. Living the kind of life God wants people to live does not mean they have to act extremely different or carry their Bible around with them everywhere they go.   They just need to think they are taking Jesus with them, because if they have truly accepted the gift, they are taking Jesus with them.   He wants his people to be honest and caring.   He wants them to make positive choices for their lives and not get caught up in things that would take their focus off of their ultimate goal (life in Heaven).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   What Paul would tell people is that the news he has to share is the greatest news anyone could hear, because it promises an eternity without pain or sadness and it is a free gift.   All anyone has to do is accept it show it off for everyone else in the world to see.   If people receive a diamond or a new car they can not wait to show it off.   How could they be embarrassed or afraid to show off the world’s greatest gift?   Paul would tell people to believe in God and if they have questions to simply turn to the instruction manual (the Bible), because it contains all the answers.   He would say it should change the way a person lives their lives simply because of the hope it offers in an uncertain world.   Paul heard the news, accepted the news and spread the news.   He would encourage everyone who hears it to do the same. References Alcorn, Randy. 1999,In Light of Eternity, Colorado Springs, Colorado: Waterbrook Press LaHaye, Tim and Jenkins, T. 2003, God Always Keeps His Promises..   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Eugene, Oregon: Harvest House Publishers Wiersbe, Warren W., 1996,Being a Child of God, , Nashville, Tennessee: Thomas Nelson   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Publishers

Free Essays on Three Claims Of A Grecian Urn

, Keats would try to immerse himself entirely into the ... Free Essays on Three Claims Of A Grecian Urn Free Essays on Three Claims Of A Grecian Urn Three Claims of a Grecian Urn John Keats makes three claims at the end of his poem, â€Å"Ode on a Grecian Urn.† Who is the speaker of these claims of intellect? Is it the urn, or is it the speaker of the poem. That seems to be the real question at hand. The first claim of being â€Å"a friend to man,† seems to be related to the urn (48). By being a friend to man, the speaker refers to the urn being able to withstand the aging elements of time so that the urn will always be available for all mankind to reflect upon. By being this kind of friend, the urn will last through eternity and through generations to â€Å"tease us out of thought† (44). We can then reflect images captured in time within the urn’s beauty. If the speaker of the poem is trying to be the friend to man, it just doesn’t make sense. The speaker is physically unable to pass through generations and â€Å"remain, in midst of other woe† (47). The idea that the urn will eternally live on through generations leads us into the next claim. I believe that the urn, not the speaker, is uttering this claim to the reader as well. The urn now knows of its eternal duty to be a friend to man, therefore, it is his duty to claim the one thing that it feels most important in life. That is the claim that â€Å"Beauty is truth, truth beauty,† (49). The urn truly feels that this is the most important piece of information that it can give to man in the small time that man might possibly look at the urn and reflect upon its images. If the speaker in the poem were saying these words to the urn, then the urn would be transformed into merely a beautiful, but simple piece of pottery. I don’t believe that this is what Keats is trying to accomplish. If we look at what Keats believed in the concept of negative capability, we would understand the concept of trying to lose one’s self momentarily in the event. In other wo rds, Keats would try to immerse himself entirely into the ...

Organizational Structure Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Organizational Structure - Essay Example The 70/20/10 Rule is applicable to all employees; with 70% of day hours focused on management delegated duties, 20% diverted to daily idea generations or new projects while remaining 10% devoted to new idea specific to employees’ choice (Cordes, 2013, p. 78). NRO is led by director (DNRO), who is appointed by Defense’s Secretary in conjunction with Director of National Intelligence reporting to Secretary of Defense closely working with DNI and has supervises NRO’s responsibility with respect to its operational and management. Besides, there is Principal Deputy Director of NRO who is overseeing activities of NRO while coordinating and answerable to DNRO, executing NRO’s daily management as delegated by DNRO as well standing in for DNRO in case of absentia. The deputy Director of NRO who is an Air force General Officer exists and helps both PDDNRO and DNRO with operation of NRO as well as attached as senior Officer to uniformed and civilian Air Force NRO’s employees while coordinating NRO and Air Force’s operations. There exists other directorates; Signal Intelligence System Acquisition , Mission Intelligence, Corporate Staff, Deputy Director for Business Plans and Operations, Communications Systems Acquisition Directorate, Mission Operation , Management Services and Operations, System Engineering Directorate, Office of Space Launch, Ground Enterprise and Advance Systems and Technology Director that have served to ensure its uniqueness in successful operations. The structure is operated based on five regional centers and three directorates. There are four divisions of DIA’s regional centers and a functional center tracking and unearthing the Agency’s performance with respect to its regional responsibilities. The directorate of Operations is accountable for intelligence operations; Defense Attache System representing United States

Hospice Care Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Hospice Care - Essay Example The concept spread widely in the United States and it was something outside the conventional healthcare system. The hospices at that time were funded through charities and there was volunteer staff that provided personalized care to the patients. Hospice was not known for being a place for care but rather a concept of care. As it established, the hospice leaders came together to formulate standards and guidelines for developing hospice care (Cartwright, Miller, & Volpin, 2009). In 1978, the National Hospice Organization (NHO) was developed and it provided a national forum for education, discussion, and support of hospice quality care standards. Medicare coverage was expanded by the Congress in 1983 to include hospice care. Hospice benefits were also offered by many private insurers as they recognized the compassion for hospice care and its cost effectiveness. The number of hospices and numbers of patients in hospices have increased gradually and in 1991, there were about 1,830 hospices serving about 212,000 patients throughout U.S. Today the hospice concept remains unchanged since its early days. The intention of a hospice is to create a setting where patients get relief from their pain and are able to find support to improve the quality of their remaining life. Hospices make the effort to create a setting in which people can die peacefully. Today the hospices are a part of the mainstream healthcare system of U.S (Groninger, 2012). Choosing a hospice care may have advantages and disadvantages. The major advantage of a hospice care is the availability of a care team which consists of professionals and volunteers. This comprehensive and interdisciplinary team is involved in understanding and taking care of the patient’s needs. The team includes nurses, physicians, social workers, and trained volunteers who fulfill the needs of the patients. Another

The effect of domestic violence on children with in the United Kingdom Essay

The effect of domestic violence on children with in the United Kingdom - Essay Example 149). However, the legal and policy response to these problems has operated upon a presumption that service provision for women who experience domestic violence is also sufficient to meet the needs of children and young people (Mullender & Morley, p. 2; Parkinson & The invisibility of children who experience domestic violence stems from an apparent reluctance on the part of researchers to conduct child-focused qualitative research on this issue (Mullender et al., p. 2). Consequently, few studies have engaged with children and young people about their experiences of domestic violence (but see NCH Action for Children, 2004; Hague et al., 1996; McGee, 2000; Mullender et al., 2002, Gorin, 2004). This is despite significant efforts in family and social policy research more generally to involve and consult directly with children and young people about their views and experiences (Hallett & Prout, 2003; Smart et al., 2001). As a national umbrella organisation, The Womens Aid Federation of England and Wales (WAFE) have been at the forefront of refuge provision for women and children who flee domestic violence. Refuges frequently accommodate women and children fleeing domestic violence not just from their local area but also from outside the area (Ball, p. 35). WAFE supports 270 refuge organisations and manages 567 safe houses across England and Wales (WAFE, 2001). However, the number of refuge places available today still falls short of the recommendation of the 1975 Select Committee on Violence in Marriage that there should be one family refuge place per 10,000 of the population (WAFE, 2001). Refuges have long struggled to attract enough central or local government funding to survive. Consequently, they have historically been funded from a variety of sources. These include local authority housing departments and social services departments, charities and trusts, housing

Research paper on William Hartnell and Tiburcio Vasquez

On William Hartnell and Tiburcio Vasquez - Research Paper Example As a student he was known for his fluency in English and Spanish. Life was good until he started seeking company stronger than himself. It is embedded in the psychology of a human mind to seek out friendships stronger than him. That’s when he found Anastacio Garcia, who happened to be the most notorious group of bandits known to California at the time. (Boessenecker, 68) Tiburcio Vasquez was an audience and sometimes the participant to various notable slayings. Whether he was involved or not is a moot topic for discussion. Some people believe that he chose exile over imprisonment and punishment while other are of the view that he did it for the best interest of his country. According to his supporters he took part in those violent actions against North Americans who threatened the safety of Mexican Americans. His partnership with Garcia ended after the bandit was killed in the person. That’s when he took to the road, kept moving from place to place but fate could be outrun only for so long. He ended up in the prison only to break out of it in a rogue manner that took the lives of many of his fellow prisoners. For some time he led the life of a normal innocent man but later his addiction to crime revealed itself in the most horrific manner there could be. He took recourse to theft, heinous murder, rape and many other crimes for which he soon smelled the prison air yet again. Wherever there were bodies with hands tied behind their backs and face down, was a site visited by Vasquez. Human beings are astonishing creatures some are mad optimists while others are suicidal pessimists. Some people mostly Mexican Americans emulated him. They thought he was a blessing in disguise that had the brevity to stand up against North American penetration. As a student he was brilliant and had inherited a fair share of property which meant there was no real need for theft and other crimes he was charged for. They also believe

A Mnemonic Device Can Be Used

A Mnemonic Device Can Be Used The beginning development of mnemonic starts with a poet named Simonides of Ceos in fifth century B.C. This mnemonic invented by the Greeks for memory training around 2500 years ago. The Greek lyric poet Simonides, born in 556 B.C., is attributed with inventing mnemonics. His creation have great benefit thought us, many people success is because using this mnemonic method. There do many types of mnemonics device exist and which type works best is limited only by the imagination of each individual learner. Here are the 9 basic types of mnemonics device presented in this paper include Music, Name, Expression/Word, Model, Ode/Rhyme, Note Organization, Image, Connection, and Spelling Mnemonics. Mnemonics are memory devices that help learners remember larger pieces of information, especially in the form of lists like characteristics, steps, stages, parts, phases, etc. Mnemonics device try to transform information into a form that the human brain can remember better than its original form. Although the process of applying this transformation might already aid the transfer of information to long-term memory but this is still benefit to learner. The mnemonic device commonly practice for lists and in auditory  form, such as short poems,  acronyms, or memorable phrases, but mnemonics can also be for other types of information and in visual or kinesthetic forms. This device use is based on the examination that the human brain more easily remembers many form of information. In our daily, we have to remember everything. In school, we have to remember all the knowledge about subject; in workplace, we have to remember all the information about our task, in order to remember this entire thing we have to find out what method can enhance our memory. In my example, I am hardly to spell mnemonic, so I use the concept of mnemonic device and create my word, which is Mnemonic Notes Effective Memorized on New Ideas Creativity. From my creation, I know that every first letter for every word is Mnemonic. Using this method, we not only can spell out those difficult words and also can remember it. Mnemonic device play an important role in our daily life, although it is important, it still has their limitations or advantages and disadvantages. For the advantage of mnemonic devices is it provide a method to help us recall those information which is difficult to remember. Moreover, it involve rearranging or restructuring information that help our personalize information to become a smart learner. Other than that, it also increases our interest to study by creating my way to learn with information. Lastly, mnemonic devices will help us spend less time on retrieving our information in long term memory when we properly use it. Beside advantages, mnemonic devices also have some limitation. If a person uses mnemonics too frequently, he or she will have confusion on their learning process. For example, we use mnemonic to remember difficult word, but he or she who too extensively using mnemonic will use this method on every word no matter the word is difficult or not. This problem will occur on those who too rely on mnemonics. In addition, this mnemonic device need more time to practice, create and learn. If someone still cannot understand the practice, which mean that he or she is just wasting time to practice it. For the 9 basic types of mnemonics, for the first device that I will introduce is the Music Mnemonics. We will remember the song lyric rather than a reading of poem is because of adding music for the word. The same method we remember the lyric, we can use or practice on our academics. Music can help us recall important detail to main idea and leaner made out a song is just for remember a list of items. In business sector, they also use this device to let customer remember their product when purchasing. For example, McDonald fast food is using a short song to stronger their brand on customer mind, which is Ba Ra Ba Ba Ba, Im lovin it. I am sure that when this music occurs, everyone will know is McDonald. Besides that, we had been practice this device since we are children, which the ABC song. We know that let children remember all this alphabets is very difficult them, so teacher will teach the children this ABC song to let them easily remember all this 26 alphabets. So that using this method, we know the children directly learning all 26 alphabets. In addition, not only on alphabetical, other children are using this method to remember the street name. For example, the children of Japan, Kyoto is using this method to remember their street name in Kyoto. The song is Kyo no tori uta, which is The song of streets in Kyoto. This song purposely is to make people easier to memorize the streets in Kyoto. Continuously, the following mnemonic device will be the Name Mnemonic. This method is using every first letter of each word in a list of item transform to a person name. For example, the color of spectrum is quite difficult for we know the arrangement, so using this method we take every first letter of each word which is, Red, Orange, Yellow, Green, Blue, Indigo, Violet, transform to a person name, Roy G. Biv. Third type of mnemonic devices will be the Expression or Word Mnemonic. This device is most popular mnemonic and widely be used. It is taking the first letter of each word in a list is arranged to form a phrase or word. In other word, it is quite similar with Name Mnemonic and the only different will be one is arrange to form people name and other one is arrange to form a word or phrase. For example, in English, the seven coordinating conjunction which are For, And, Nor, But, Or, Yet, So. We take every first letter for each word and become FANBOYS. This is very easy to remember the English coordinating conjunction as FANBOYS rather than remember all the seven word. Moreover, in mathematics, we can remember the metric system prefixes by using this method. The metric system prefixes from largest to smallest will be the Kilo, Hecto, Deka, Base, Deci, Centi, Milli. As we transform to a phrase can be King Henry Died By Drinking Chocolate Milk. Compare to the original, we know that after t ransform, the metric system prefixes is more easily to remember and it is more funny compare to before.

Donald Johanson :: essays research papers fc

Donald Johanson Donald Johanson was born in Chicago in 1943, the son of Swedish immigrants. His father died when he was two, and his mother moved to Hartford, Connecticut, where he developed an interest in anthropology from a neighbor who taught the subject. Although he initially studied chemistry at university, he eventually switched majors to anthropology, and worked during summers on archeological digs. He transferred to Chicago to study under F. Clark Howell for his graduate studies, doing a comprehensive study on chimpanzee dentition for his doctoral thesis. In 1970 and 1971 he visited Africa to do field work at Omo in Ethiopia. In 1972, he and some colleagues went on a short exploratory expedition evaluate the Afar Triangle region of Ethiopia. They were impressed by its promise, and planned a full-scale expedition the following year. Back in the USA, Johanson completed his Ph.D. and started a teaching position at Case Western Reserve University.(Johanson) In 1973 he discovered AL 129-1, a small but humanlike knee, and the first knee known from the hominid fossil record. The following year, Johanson and Tom Gray discovered an even more spectacular find, AL 288-1, a partial skeleton of a female australopithecine better known by its nickname of Lucy. (Farah-Karls, 21). In 1975 there was yet another major find when his team found a collection of fossils at a single site that was nicknamed the First Family. In 1976, more hominid fossils were discovered, along with stone tools, which, at 2.5 million years, were the oldest in the world. After 1976, political conditions in Ethiopia prevented further expeditions for nearly 15 years.(Johanson). Johanson, who in 1974 had become a curator at the Cleveland Museum of Natural History, now tackled the task of analyzing the fossils with the aid of Tim White, a young but highly regarded scientist who had just finished his Ph.D. Johanson had originally thought that the Hadar fossils were a mixture of Homo and Australopithecus specimens, but White eventually convinced him that all of them belonged to just one species. In 1978 they named that species Australopithecus afarensis.(Johanson). In 1981, Johanson founded the Institute of Human Origins, a non-profit research institution devoted to the study of prehistory. In 1987, the IHO was given permission to conduct an expedition to Olduvai Gorge in Tanzania, and found a partial skeleton, OH 62, which is generally attributed to Homo habilis.

Political campaigns Essay

Political campaigns also provide much to reflect and think upon. They are also vastly entertaining particularly as the gloves come out and opposing parties start to play for keeps. Campaign ads are a powerful tool to cast yourself in a specific way, like trustworthy, honourable, and ready to get things done. However they can also be used to make your opponent look foolish, incompetent etc. A well written and developed add can be very affective no matter the content but some ads just go above and beyond. My favourite political add from 2006 was the Western for Bill Richardson for Governor. This ad is a particular favourite not for who was running but for the creativity of the ad. What is more American than a western? The commercial is quintessentially American. Sheriffs are naturally portrayed as being honest, trustworthy, brave, ready to right wrongs, ready to fight. Just by portraying Bill Richardson as the sheriff all of these virtues are implied without having to even mention them. It is a great parallel that some of Richardson’s accomplishments mesh with traditional sheriff duties such as jailing of violent criminals. Not only is the western traditional and symbolic but the humour that is displayed at the end just adds to the campaign. It shows that Richardson is not afraid to have fun and laugh at himself a bit. After all what sheriff would walk into a saloon and ask for milk. In the old days that would be the beginning of a fight right then and there. This commercial was particularly well done. It told an interesting story particularly in pictures and it played to Richardson’s strengths. It is a traditional campaign move to attack your opponents and display them in a negative like but I appreciate how Richardson keeps the focus on himself. After all if you are trying to promote yourself the best way is to show your strengths. Someone will display the opposition’s weakness; it always happens so why not try to have some fun. This political add looked like a lot of fun and I am sure Richardson had a lot of fun making it.

Is It Time to Revive Nuclear Power? Essay

1. Many professors, scientists, researchers, and even governments, have been debating over the issue on the use of nuclear power as a main energy source. In Taking Sides, two authors who are highly narrow-minded state their debates on this critical issue. Allison MacFarlane, author of â€Å"Nuclear Power: Panacea for Future Energy Needs?†, believes that nuclear power should be revived. She argues that nuclear power will provide sufficient energy, while at the same time reducing carbon dioxide emissions. On the other hand, professor Kristin Shrader-Frechette, author of â€Å"Five Myths About Nuclear Energy†, argues that nuclear power is too expensive and unsafe for the environment, when there are renewable energy sources that are better for the environment and economy. I agree with Shrader-Frechette because she proves the five myths about nuclear energy wrong using extremely valid arguments, which exist to prove that nuclear power is not the best option for an energy sou rce in our society. Background 2. In â€Å"Small Recactors Make a Bid to Revive Nuclear Power†, the Obama Administration and the Energy Department are working on making America the leader in advanced nuclear technology and manufacturing (Biello 2012). They are considering switching the large reactors, which are currently the predominant technology, to small reactors, which will save money. These reactors would contain enough power to power more than 200,000 U.S. homes for a year (Biello 2012). This strategy will cause less nuclear waste and will increase safety issues as well. In another article, â€Å"Time to revive, not kill, the nuclear age†, it is stated that a world without nuclear power would be less secure. Neither fossil fuels nor renewable resources will be able to replace the 14 percent of global electricity generated by nuclear reactors (Financial Times 2011). This article sides with MacFarlane by saying the Chernobyl accident was bad, but since then things have improved. The majority of the existing reactors were built a long time ago, and the ones that were recently built, have many more safety features, such as passive cooling systems to prevent overheating, which will greatly reduce safety risks. It is agreed that there is much more research needed, but reviving nuclear power is necessary in order for energy security. Argument For Nuclear Power 3. Allison MacFarlane argues that nuclear power is necessary and that it is nowhere near as bad as everyone thinks, and that it is actually very efficient. She believes that nuclear reactors do not emit carbon dioxide, and that this is a major advancement in technology. She states that there are two pathways for handling the spent nuclear fuel generated by power reactors: the open cycle and closed cycle. The costs associated with the construction of new nuclear reactors may be the main reason for the inhibiting of the global expansion of nuclear power. She says that although nuclear power can be our main source of power, and very efficient, it will take many years before a considerable number of new plants are licensed and built. 4. Allison MacFarlane argues that nuclear reactors do not emit carbon dioxide to produce electricity because their fuel is uranium-based. Nuclear power saved about 13 percent of annual emissions of Carbon dioxide, meaning that by 2050 emissions could be reduced by 15-25 percent. Since the Chernobyl accident in 1986, the overall global safety record has been good, even though there have been some problems. The Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty guarantees that countries that do not have nuclear weapons are allowed nuclear energy technology, which is a great form of security for these countries. The open and closed cycles have been effective so far in containing the nuclear waste, and hopefully will continue in the future. 5. Although nuclear power does not emit carbon dioxide directly, nuclear power is not emission free. Carbon dioxide is emitted during nuclear power production, during the mining, milling, and fuel fabrication processes. No countries have opened a high-level nuclear waste disposal facility, so all of the nuclear waste is currently sitting in storage facilities. If nuclear power expands, these high-level wastes will increase. A catastrophic nuclear accident could result in compensation costs of hundreds of billions of dollars, and currently 236 of the 436 operating reactors are not even covered by liability conventions. Nuclear power is very expensive compared to other power sources, which is the biggest issue standing in the way of reviving nuclear power. Argument Against Nuclear Power 6. Kristin Shrader-Frechette argues that nuclear power is clearly not the best option as a power source for many reasons. She busts the five myths about nuclear power believed by many people. She gives valid reasons to support her position opposing nuclear power. She talks about how nuclear power is unclean, expensive, unnecessary to address climate change, unsafe, and how it will increase the proliferation of weapons. 7. This whole argument, in my opinion, is strengths, minus a few minor points. Although MacFarlane states that nuclear reactors do not emit carbon dioxide, Shrader-Frechette argues that the nuclear fuel cycle has eight other stages that do release greenhouse gases. Nuclear power generates at least 33 grams of carbon-equivalent emissions for each kilowatt-hour of electricity produced. Nuclear wastes are stored at Nevada’s Yucca Mountain, which poses severe problems for the future. As high-level radioactive wastes increase, the availability of storage space decreases, and exposure rises. Exposure to nuclear waste can likely cause fatal cancer, which risks are very high for. 8. The weaknesses of Shrader-Frechette’s argument are very scarce in my opinion. She discusses the emissions of carbon dioxide, stating that they are much higher than most people think, but MacFarlane stated that they are working on reducing them, and it will take many years before anything is set in stone. Per kilowatt-hour, Shrader-Frechette states that atomic energy produces only one-seventh the greenhouse emissions of coal. She believes nuclear power is not clean, however this statistic is in favor of reviving nuclear power by stating an opposing fact. Weighing the Arguments 9. I agree with Kristin Shrader-Frechette in just about every aspect. She gives amazing facts and statistics to support her argument against the revival of nuclear power. The five myths supporting nuclear power are all false. Nuclear power is not clean due to the greenhouse gas emissions during the nuclear fuel cycle. The government is providing way too much money to fund nuclear power, when there are cheaper, safer energy sources to fund. Also, nuclear energy will definitely increase the use and proliferation of weapons around the world, which I believe will lead to more war. Conclusion 10. I sided with Kristin Shrader-Frechette because of her brilliant proof of her argument, which proved the five myths about nuclear energy wrong. Allison MacFarlane argued that nuclear power should be revived because carbon dioxide emissions are reduced, safety has improved since the last major incident, and the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty provides more security for nuclear power. Shrader-Frechette argued that there are more carbon dioxide emissions from the nuclear fuel cycle, the government is spending too much money funding nuclear power when they should be funding wind or solar power since they are cheaper and safer, and the use and proliferation of weapons will increase. Both authors have sound arguments; however I feel that Shrader-Frechette’s is more valid and will make the economy and environment better in the end. Bibliography Biello, D. (2012). Small reactors make a bid to revive nuclear power. Scientific American, Retrieved from http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=small-reactors-bid-to-revive-nuclear-power. Financial Times. (2011). Time to revive, not kill, the nuclear age. Financial Times, Retrieved from http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/f0321fb4-6e9a-11e0-a13b-00144feabdc0.html. MacFarlane, A. (2012). Nuclear power: A panacea for future energy needs?. In T. A. Easton & T. College (Eds.), Taking Sides: Clashing Views in Science, Technology, and Society (pp. 82-88). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill. Shrader-Frechette, K. (2012). Five myths about nuclear energy. In T. A. Easton & T. College (Eds.), Taking Sides: Clashing Views in Science, Technology, and Society (pp. 89-94). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.

Free Essays on Fear Of Flying

How Lauren may have learned of her Fear of Flying? How Lauren learned she had a fear in flying? Using the Classical Conditioning theory the possibilities could be endless. Classical conditioning in simple terms is the method in which one determines why and the cause of a condition as well as what has brought it about. There are many stimulus both conditioned and unconditioned that can cause fear or other problems, but the major reason for causes regarding the fear of flying has been mentioned in several articles regarding anxiety disorders. Fear of flying is created by the unconscious mind as a protective mechanism. When using the neutral stimulus explanation, Lauren may not have had a relevant response of interest. Lauren may have learned something or heard someone from her past that caused the continuous fear. Due to the facts in this case, there’s little information to provide us regarding Lauren. First we know she’s afraid to fly, but we have no further information regarding the condition that caused the fear or the circumstances to what led to this fear. The first step in Pavlov’s theory is trying to discover how Lauren’s fear came about, but without more information one can only speculate or guess how Lauren’s condition developed. Pavlov’s theory states several actions and read actions that could have caused Lauren’s Condition. The conditioning of the plane could be neutral stimulus, and the activities on the plane is the unconditioned stimulus. During conditioning of the plane is the neutral stimulus, which is paired with the activities on the plane that is the unconditioned stimulus to produce the unconditioned response, that produces the fear that Lauren has when she is on the plane. After conditioning the neutral stimulus the plane has now become a conditioned stimulus and it produces a conditioned response that is similar to the unconditioned response. This means that Lauren’s fear now ... Free Essays on Fear Of Flying Free Essays on Fear Of Flying How Lauren may have learned of her Fear of Flying? How Lauren learned she had a fear in flying? Using the Classical Conditioning theory the possibilities could be endless. Classical conditioning in simple terms is the method in which one determines why and the cause of a condition as well as what has brought it about. There are many stimulus both conditioned and unconditioned that can cause fear or other problems, but the major reason for causes regarding the fear of flying has been mentioned in several articles regarding anxiety disorders. Fear of flying is created by the unconscious mind as a protective mechanism. When using the neutral stimulus explanation, Lauren may not have had a relevant response of interest. Lauren may have learned something or heard someone from her past that caused the continuous fear. Due to the facts in this case, there’s little information to provide us regarding Lauren. First we know she’s afraid to fly, but we have no further information regarding the condition that caused the fear or the circumstances to what led to this fear. The first step in Pavlov’s theory is trying to discover how Lauren’s fear came about, but without more information one can only speculate or guess how Lauren’s condition developed. Pavlov’s theory states several actions and read actions that could have caused Lauren’s Condition. The conditioning of the plane could be neutral stimulus, and the activities on the plane is the unconditioned stimulus. During conditioning of the plane is the neutral stimulus, which is paired with the activities on the plane that is the unconditioned stimulus to produce the unconditioned response, that produces the fear that Lauren has when she is on the plane. After conditioning the neutral stimulus the plane has now become a conditioned stimulus and it produces a conditioned response that is similar to the unconditioned response. This means that Lauren’s fear now ...

African American Immigration Essays

African American Immigration Essays African American Immigration Essay African American Immigration Essay Essay Topic: The Bean Eaters African American Immigration Victoria L. Knight Axia College of University of Phoenix CRT 125 Cultural Diversity Ms. Sandra Collins April 12, 2007 African American Migration New Societies, new people, and new communities usually originate as a result of migration. People decide to move from one place to another for better opportunities, better lives, and new challenges. This remains true for the African American race as well. It has been believed that the original migration took place in 1619 when African Americans arrived to Jamestown, Virginia. However, the first African Americans migrated to the United States almost a century earlier in the 1500’s coming from Mexico and the Caribbean to the Spanish territories of Florida, Texas, and other parts of the South. African-American Migration Experience Though many migrated to the U. S. voluntarily, most African Americans were victims of massive enslavement. War, slave raiding, kidnapping and political religious struggle accounted for the vast majority of Africans deported to the Americas. African Americans were forced into slavery. Many children were kidnapped and sold as slaves. There were those of which who rebelled by refusing to be enslaved that would be expelled from their homes and families then either murdered or forced to be slaves. Slavery developed because the Northern Africans had a monopoly over spices, gold, and other commodities that the Europeans wanted. Europe would send ships back and forth to Africa to trade goods and in the process they were able to grow comfortable with navigating the seas. As a result, Europe was able to develop very good shipbuilding skills that in turn led to the sending of large vessels. That moved the Portuguese to add an additional commodity to their cargo: African men, women, and children. The Portuguese then used African Americans as slaves to work their sugar plantations. Over time English and Dutch ships preyed on the Portugal vessels for slaves, while raiding and looting the African mainland. Slaves were brought to the United States of America during the triangular trade. Ships were built to handle a maximum of 350 people, but Europeans would transport over 800 men, women, and children under some of the harshest conditions. Slaves would be branded, stripped naked during the entire trip, lying down in the midst of filth, all while enduring unbearable heat. All slaves went through frightening, incredibly brutal and dehumanizing experiences. Women and children were raped for the pleasures of the crew. The sick were tossed overboard unto the sea. People who tried to starve themselves to death were forced to eat by the torturing of scolding hot coal pressed onto their bodies. African-American Migration Experience Those who survived the Middle Passage arrived to America only to encounter more grief. They were sent to plantations and farms for agricultural duties. They were used for mining, and placed in towns as servants. In South Carolina and Georgia they grew rice, cotton, and indigo. In Louisiana they slaved over sugarcane plantations. They labored over tobacco farms in Virginia and Maryland. This went on until 1808 when the United States abolished its slave trade from Africa. However, slave trade went on unabated until 1860. In 1898 the boll weevil ate its way through Texas and proceeded to eat its way East across the South. The cotton was destroyed and slaves were thrown off of the land. After WWI there was an economic boom that resulted in the need for agricultural work, but unfortunately most states in the South passed the Jim Crow laws that discriminated against African Americans and led to segregation. African Americans couldn’t attend the same schools as white Americans. They couldn’t use facilities such as restaurants, theaters, hotels, cinemas, and public baths. Public transportation was also segregated and in some states marriage between white and black people. African Americans were at the mercy of landlords, abusive employers, and almost anyone set on depriving them of their rights. This went on until president Franklin D. Roosevelt was forced to issue an executive order mandating the end to racial discrimination. The Fair Employment Practices Committee was created to enforce this mandate, which acted as the launching pad that would bare dividends in the future. Riots erupted in 1943, leading to beatings, deaths, and arrest. African American then resulted to boycotts and sit-ins during the Civil Rights movement. As a result, the Supreme Court reversed the separate but equal doctrine in 1954, ruling in Brown v. Board of Education. There was also the 1964 Civil Rights Act and the 1965 Voting Rights Act that signaled an attack on Jim Crow. The African-American Migration Experience This report reveals the enormous amount of pain, grief, and violence suffered by my ancestors during slavery. I am so appreciative to all those people who marched, boycotted, and endured the pain and suffering so that my children and I could have the freedom to eat in any restaurant, sleep at any hotel, drink water out of any fountain, and go to school to get a good education. I may not be able to relate culturally to the ethnic group that I have written about because I am way too young, but that doesn’t change the fact that I recognize what they fought and stood for and I plan to make sure that my children are taught the history of how African Americans migrated to the United States, and what they went through to get here. References In Motion. The African-American Migration Experience. Retrieved April 9, 2007, from inmotionaame. org/home. cfm